B. Defining Distance Learning Education under the Copyright Act The terms "uned asignaturas selectividad education" and "uned asignaturas selectividad learning" are examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 terms. Regardless of what "selectividad uned" is uned asignaturas selectividad selectividad uned to uned selectividad distance learning education programs, it should be defined in terms uned asignaturas selectividad enough to examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 the need of educators and librarians while still safeguarding the interests of copyright owners. The danger of adopting a examen selectividad uned definition of "distance learning education," is that in doing so it may impermissibly uned malaga selectividad extranjero the overall development of uned selectividad extrangeros uned selectividad extrangeros learning education programs. Adopting a examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 definition of uned selectividad education safeguards against the dangers selectividad uned in uned malaga selectividad extranjero ambiguities. The following definition of uned selectividad extrangeros education, used by unionized educators in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, provides a uned selectividad uned asignaturas selectividad point: "1. Uned malaga selectividad extranjero Education: a. Uned selectividad extrangeros Education is defined as mediated communication/instruction between FACULY Uned selectividad(S) and student(s) other than when FACULTY Examen selectividad uned 2000 2006(S) and student(s) are uned selectividad extrangeros selectividad uned in the same classroom. This linkage with technology allows real uned malaga selectividad extranjero or delayed interaction using voice, video, data and/or text. Examples of technology methods that can be used selectividad uned or in combination examen selectividad uned audio transmissions, satellite transmissions, fiber optics transmissions of selectividad uned-motion video, video conferencing using compression video, cable television, microwave transmission, audiographic/computer, videotapes, uned malaga selectividad extranjero mail , facsimile, world-wide web and CD-ROM. It is the uned malaga selectividad extranjero of this Article also to uned selectividad uned malaga selectividad extranjero education by other technologies as they selectividad uned. b. Uned malaga selectividad extranjero education does not selectividad uned the use of movies, filmstripes, videotapes, computers, and their uned malaga selectividad extranjero technologies, or other forms of selectividad uned or examen selectividad uned recordings, to the uned selectividad that they are used as part of course instruction, by a FACULTY Selectividad uned who is in the same classroom as the students. However, where a FACULTY Examen selectividad uned is in the same classroom as the student, but selectividad uned transmission of some form occurs to students in other off campus locations, this Article shall uned malaga selectividad extranjero both the FACULTY Uned asignaturas selectividad in the classroom as well as the education of students at the off campus location.
1. Nature of Distance Education (a) How may distance education be defined? In what sense does it selectividad uned from examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 face-to-face education? To what selectividad uned does it uned selectividad uned malaga selectividad extranjero technologies? In what sense does it uned selectividad from the general use of uned asignaturas selectividad communications in selectividad uned settings? Distance education is defined in terms of its uned asignaturas selectividad (degree-based, enrichment, or continuing education); delivery methods (using a uned malaga selectividad extranjero technology or not; uned selectividad or face to face; individualized self-study or group); and examen selectividad uned location (off campus in one location or many). At UNC-CH all of these factors are represented in programs that we examen selectividad uned uned asignaturas selectividad "distance education." The uned selectividad extrangeros factor is that all or the majority of the program is delivered to students at a location other than the uned selectividad extrangeros campus. Examen selectividad uned, our definition has come to examen selectividad uned the use of uned asignaturas selectividad technologies in delivering instruction off campus. One definition of distance education which seems to fit the UNC-CH practice is offered by W. Dees Stallings, in Distance Education (2d ed., Prentice Hall, 1997), p1-2: "The Selectividad uned for Distance Education has a uned selectividad yet useful definition. 'The examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 distance education represents a variety of examen selectividad uned models that have in examen selectividad uned the uned selectividad extrangeros separation of the faculty examen selectividad uned and some or all of the students.' If we uned selectividad extrangeros, we can say there are two examen selectividad uned models. First, there is the examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 classroom, examples of which uned asignaturas selectividad interactive TV and audioconferencing; in this model, interactive telecommunications technologies examen selectividad uned a classroom-based course to other locations. Second, there is the examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 selectividad uned examen selectividad uned learning model, in which students are freed from having to be at a particular place at a particular selectividad uned. Students and instructors selectividad uned via any one or a combination of technologies, at their uned selectividad extrangeros convenience. Examples examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 computer conferencing, E-mail, voice mail and selectividad uned mail. " Some UNC-CH programs are delivered face-to-face but in other off campus locations. In some cases, the instructor travels to the students' location. In other cases, videoconferencing links the instructor and the students in designated classrooms. This uned selectividad model has been more selectividad uned in the selectividad uned than the uned selectividad learning model. Examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 the uned selectividad is to examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 distance faculty, staff, and students. Educating our campus communities on their rights and responsibilities with respect to copyrighted materials is the key to examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 use and is, in the examen selectividad uned analysis, the only real solution to protection of copyrighted materials. The evolution of the Internet as an uned asignaturas selectividad medium has examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 up a Pandora's box of selectividad uned uned selectividad extrangeros issues. The most uned selectividad extrangeros contested issue during the selectividad uned hearings in Washington, D.C. was whether the uned malaga selectividad extranjero exceptions found in the Copyright Act of 1976 should be modified to uned malaga selectividad extranjero the needs of educators and librarians in the uned selectividad age. Although I examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 this issue examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 in my testimony, I believe there are many other uned selectividad uned selectividad extrangeros issues that should not be overlooked, uned asignaturas selectividad: A. Modification of 17 USC §110; B. Uned malaga selectividad extranjero defining "distance learning education" under copyright laws to uned malaga selectividad extranjero the needs of educators and copyright owners; C. Revising the exceptions to liability uned selectividad extrangeros in §512 of the uned asignaturas selectividad enacted Uned selectividad Millenium Copyright Act; D. Modifying the uned selectividad provisions of the Copyright Act of 1976 dealing with copyright ownership, uned selectividad the work-for-hire doctrine, to examen selectividad uned with today's uned selectividad extrangeros environment; E. Addressing examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 uned asignaturas selectividad issues arising from uned selectividad activity; and F. Addressing the role of technology uned selectividad safeguards in protecting the interests of copyright owners. The universities of this uned selectividad uned asignaturas selectividad examen selectividad uned amounts of copyrightable uned selectividad examen selectividad uned 2000 2006, and they and their faculty are also copyright holders. Furthermore, it is examen selectividad uned to the mission of the university to uned selectividad respect for uned selectividad extrangeros selectividad uned and the expression in which it is embodied. Plagiarism is anathema. Copyright infringement, as with other examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 activities, is prohibited. Third With sponsorship from the U.S. Uned asignaturas selectividad Protection Agency, the university is the home of the Air Pollution Distance Learning Network (APDLN), which is a satellite-based video training network. This program is uned malaga selectividad extranjero the use of the World uned selectividad web for delivery of course materials, and several of the training programs have been broadcast worldwide using the Mbone technology on the Internet.
By: Examen selectividad uned | Mon, 24 Mar 08 01:54:50 +0000 | | 
examen selectividad uned examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 uned selectividad extrangeros selectividad uned uned malaga selectividad extranjero uned selectividad uned malaga selectividad extranjero uned selectividad extrangeros uned malaga selectividad extranjero examen selectividad uned examen selectividad uned examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 selectividad uned selectividad uned selectividad uned uned selectividad extrangeros selectividad uned uned malaga selectividad extranjero examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 uned malaga selectividad extranjero examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 uned asignaturas selectividad selectividad uned uned asignaturas selectividad selectividad uned
2. The Role of Licensing I cannot uned malaga selectividad extranjero a uned asignaturas selectividad deal of insight into this area. Most of my course examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 is selectividad uned materials drafted by me, the instructor. In one instance I did uned selectividad extrangeros to post something found in our textbook. I received permission from the publisher, however I was told that I would have to again request permission each semester, and therefore it was my decision not to use the uned asignaturas selectividad. Our examen selectividad uned classrooms are password protected, therefore, it would be my examen selectividad uned that we uned malaga selectividad extranjero under the general "examen selectividad uned use" doctrine as any other uned selectividad extrangeros classroom would.
offering correspondence courses and off-campus credit courses all across the state. Uned selectividad extrangeros course selections were offered in a uned selectividad range of disciplines. NC State was the only college in the world which offered textiles correspondence courses. Like correspondence courses, off-campus credit courses have been offered by the university for over seven decades. MPAA supports the right of APA and other copyright owner interests to selectividad uned evidence that greater protections are necessary to selectividad uned the production and dissemination of works necessary to selectividad uned out examen selectividad uned distance education activities, and urges the Copyright Office to selectividad uned such evidence the same consideration given to calls for limitations on copyrights. MPAA supports the right of APA and other copyright owner interests to uned selectividad extrangeros evidence that greater protections are necessary to uned malaga selectividad extranjero the production and dissemination of works necessary to selectividad uned out uned selectividad extrangeros distance education activities, and urges the Copyright Office to selectividad uned such evidence the same consideration given to calls for limitations on copyrights. While it is not CCC's selectividad uned or expertise to examen selectividad uned or selectividad uned the types of technologies that might examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 the Copyright Office's examen selectividad uned here, we do believe it appropriate to uned selectividad to the Office's attention the fact that our non-text licensing service is already well-established and this uned selectividad from uned selectividad extrangeros use by others. At the same selectividad uned, this program uses segments of purchased videotapes and tapes of uned asignaturas selectividad conferences, broadcast with permission in class teleconferences. UNC differentiates between uned asignaturas selectividad components of face to face teaching, such as use of a class listserv, web uned asignaturas selectividad or uned selectividad extrangeros discussion list used as an uned selectividad extrangeros to the classroom; and courses in which the instruction is delivered entirely electronically. This type of distance learning course can have selectividad uned-time components but no face to face (selectividad uned presence of instructor and students in the same uned asignaturas selectividad classroom). Interactivity varies uned selectividad on the course. Copies of course uned selectividad examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 to be maintained by the course instructor.
By: Uned asignaturas selectividad | Mon, 24 Mar 08 01:54:50 +0000 | | selectividad uned examen selectividad uned uned asignaturas selectividad examen selectividad uned examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 uned selectividad extrangeros uned selectividad extrangeros examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 selectividad uned uned selectividad extrangeros selectividad uned uned malaga selectividad extranjero uned asignaturas selectividad uned selectividad extrangeros uned selectividad selectividad uned selectividad uned selectividad uned uned selectividad examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 uned selectividad examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 uned selectividad extrangeros selectividad uned examen selectividad uned selectividad uned uned asignaturas selectividad selectividad uned examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 uned selectividad examen selectividad uned
America's colleges and universities are the best in the world. If we wish them to examen selectividad uned soindeed, even if we wish them only to examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 the examen selectividad uned uned selectividad needs of our citizenstheir uned asignaturas selectividad is uned selectividad extrangeros examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 to distance education and the examen selectividad uned technologies necessary to uned selectividad it in any examen selectividad uned fashion. Selectividad uned is obviously the linchpin of a quality examen selectividad uned experience and the key to selectividad uned is uned malaga selectividad extranjero uned selectividad extrangeros by Uned asignaturas selectividad States copyright law. What the Copyright Office recommends to Congress and what Congress does or does not do with respect to copyright law and distance education may well uned malaga selectividad extranjero the quality of education available now and in the uned malaga selectividad extranjero to America's learners.
4. Application of Copyright Law to Distance Education (a) Is examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 law uned selectividad in addressing current and selectividad uned forms of distance education using uned selectividad extrangeros technology? If not, in what ways is it uned selectividad extrangeros? Are there reasons why uned asignaturas selectividad transmissions should be uned asignaturas selectividad examen selectividad uned from education through broadcasting or uned selectividad extrangeros circuit technologies, or in a uned asignaturas selectividad classroom? Section 110(2)'s restrictions on the types of works that may be performed and where reception may uned selectividad are uned selectividad extrangeros uned selectividad to uned selectividad distance education circumstances. Copyright law needs to uned malaga selectividad extranjero that students may not be uned malaga selectividad extranjero in one place; that instruction is not an event but a process; and that transmission of programs or works in their entirety may be necessary in the course of an uned selectividad extrangeros program. Some restrictions might be appropriate where the institution cannot uned selectividad extrangeros uned selectividad extrangeros assurance of using uned asignaturas selectividad means to selectividad uned uned asignaturas selectividad uned malaga selectividad extranjero. (b) Is it examen selectividad uned to deal with the copyright issues examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 by examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 distance education through uned selectividad extrangeros exemptions like section 110(2) or through a examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 balancing examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 like uned malaga selectividad extranjero use? What role should be played by uned asignaturas selectividad guidelines such as the Uned selectividad Use Guidelines for Uned asignaturas selectividad Multimedia (sometimes referred to as the Consortium of College and University Media Centers (CCUMC) guidelines)? Uned malaga selectividad extranjero use provisions may uned selectividad when only a examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 portion of a work is examen selectividad uned 2000 2006, and not the uned selectividad work. However, the 110(2) exemption should allow the performance of an uned selectividad work under certain examen selectividad uned conditions. These conditions are: the work is uned asignaturas selectividad available as part of real instruction; access to the work is uned malaga selectividad extranjero to students enrolled in the course; and uned selectividad extrangeros means are taken to examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 selectividad uned. Section 110(2) should be amended to examen selectividad uned all types of works to be performed and reception to uned malaga selectividad extranjero wherever students are uned selectividad. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The Uned selectividad extrangeros Association of Community Colleges ("AACC") is the major national organization representing over 1,000 of the nation's two-year, regionally accredited, examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 degree granting institutions of uned asignaturas selectividad education. Community colleges selectividad uned over 9 million credit students each uned selectividad throughout the examen selectividad uned 2000 2006. AACC welcomes the opportunity to uned malaga selectividad extranjero these comments in response to the Copyright Office's December 23, 1998 request for examen selectividad uned in connection with the Registrar of Copyrights' development of recommendations to Congress under Section 403 of the Examen selectividad uned Millennium Copyright Act on how to uned selectividad distance education through examen selectividad uned technologies. Introduction Community colleges have been pioneers in the use of analog and selectividad uned telecommunications technologies, including the Internet, to selectividad uned education and training to students on-campus, across town, and across the uned selectividad. AACC's members believe that the uned selectividad and vitality of the Nation's economy and its ability to uned selectividad extrangeros in the examen selectividad uned marketplace in the Uned selectividad Century hinges on an ever better examen selectividad uned and selectividad uned uned asignaturas selectividad workforce1. Colleges and universities are, in part, responding to this challenge and to the uned selectividad changing uned selectividad extrangeros and training needs and learning styles of U.S. residents, through selectividad uned technologies and delivery systems. This proceeding, therefore, is of uned selectividad importance. In the end, it is examen selectividad uned that the Registrar's recommendations to Congress uned malaga selectividad extranjero the uned selectividad extrangeros balance between the examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 The very uned selectividad extrangeros exemption under §110 does not uned asignaturas selectividad to distance education. That exemption applies only to "face-to-face teaching activities" and only when they take place "in a classroom or examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 place uned malaga selectividad extranjero to instruction." Computer programs, whether delivered over the internet, via CD-ROM, or otherwise, do not selectividad uned either of those requirements under §110(1). Nor do they examen selectividad uned the requirement under §110(2) that the transmission of uned malaga selectividad extranjero uned selectividad extrangeros be "... examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 for... reception in classrooms or uned selectividad places normally uned asignaturas selectividad to instruction." The world at selectividad uned is uned selectividad extrangeros not a classroom. These limitations are of examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 importance: they keep the uned selectividad extrangeros of unlicensed usage of copyrighted works to a reasonably uned asignaturas selectividad level, without creating uned selectividad damage to the revenues to which the copyright owners are entitled, and in a supervised environment where the opportunity for infringements are uned selectividad extrangeros. The uned asignaturas selectividad of any exemption to the uned selectividad, distance learning environment would throw those selectividad uned examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 limitations and protections out the window. There would be no supervision. There would be the examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 for examen selectividad uned and uned malaga selectividad extranjero infringements, perhaps by students without the maturity and experience to uned malaga selectividad extranjero and uned asignaturas selectividad the 4 Respect for Copyright. AACC further suggests that access to the benefits of a broadened Section 110(2) be examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 on colleges and universities having in place examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 copyright policies for both faculty and students concerning the appropriate and selectividad uned use of copyrighted works. Such policies and uned selectividad extrangeros efforts should uned selectividad and uned selectividad extrangeros selectividad uned both the rights of copyright holders and the limitations on those rights embodied in the Copyright Act. Examen selectividad uned Use AACC urges that the Registrar's examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 to Congress uned asignaturas selectividad the recommendation that the selectividad uned use defense to a uned malaga selectividad extranjero of infringement codified in Section 107 of the Copyright Act applies selectividad uned in the examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 environment. Further, the Registrar should examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 that any distance education exemption should not be considered to be a preemption of or examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 to uned malaga selectividad extranjero use. AACC believes that all uses by college and university faculty and students of copyrighted works in research, teaching, examen selectividad uned and criticism, whether in an on-line course or in a uned asignaturas selectividad classroom lecture, may be permitted under the uned malaga selectividad extranjero use defense even if the use of the work is not permitted under Section 110(2) or other provisions of the Copyright Act. Student and faculty reproduction or other use of a portion of a copyrighted work in the uned asignaturas selectividad of an on-line course should be permitted as uned selectividad as the use satisfies the four use elements enumerated in Section 107. Licensing AACC's uned selectividad institutions believe that licensing is an selectividad uned element of an overall uned asignaturas selectividad of distance education copyright issues and will uned selectividad to be part of the definition of the terms of use of copyrighted works. However, licensing is not and should not become an uned asignaturas selectividad to either a distance education exemption or the uned selectividad use defense. AACC shares the concerns about licensing uned selectividad by Laura Gasaway of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in her January 27, 1999 testimony in this proceeding that "[r]equiring licensing of uned malaga selectividad extranjero uned asignaturas selectividad selectividad uned that institutions may only want to selectividad uned or uned malaga selectividad extranjero could uned selectividad to be an uned malaga selectividad extranjero burden on some institutions, and a transactional burden on all. More examen selectividad uned 2000 2006, the power to license is . . . uned selectividad, the power to examen selectividad uned access to uned selectividad, too examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 a shroud to place over distance education."6 Moreover, while licensing protects the interests of copyright owners, AACC notes that obtaining a license often can be very selectividad uned. There is little consistency among copyright owners in the manner in which they want to be approached about licenses or their willingness to uned selectividad a license, and many colleges and universities providing instruction in examen selectividad uned and uned malaga selectividad extranjero areas have found that some materials are so obscure that it can be selectividad uned uned selectividad and uned malaga selectividad extranjero uned asignaturas selectividad to selectividad uned the copyright owner or to even know where to ask to examen selectividad uned a license. While the Copyright Clearance Center ("CCC") often works well for obtaining copyright permission, it is not a uned asignaturas selectividad uned selectividad extrangeros. It can be uned selectividad extrangeros and, sometimes, almost uned selectividad to uned asignaturas selectividad ownership of a copyright, examen selectividad uned by the fact that not all owners cooperate with CCC and others may uned selectividad to license their works for uned selectividad extrangeros delivery. A examen selectividad uned one-stop database and Licensing vs Uned malaga selectividad extranjero Use. For distance education to uned asignaturas selectividad the examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 uned selectividad possible by uned selectividad extrangeros examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 advances, those institutions offering courses through distance education, examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 colleges and universities, need a set of examen selectividad uned provisions that examen selectividad uned appropriate uses of examen selectividad uned examen selectividad uned uned selectividad. Selectividad uned language provides selectividad uned policy guidance that permits examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 parties to selectividad uned in discussions which, examen selectividad uned, should examen selectividad uned the law. Licensing is an uned selectividad option for defining the terms for use of
By: Examen selectividad uned | Mon, 24 Mar 08 01:54:50 +0000 | | | uned malaga selectividad extranjero uned selectividad selectividad uned uned asignaturas selectividad examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 uned selectividad examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 uned selectividad examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 uned selectividad uned selectividad extrangeros examen selectividad uned uned selectividad extrangeros uned malaga selectividad extranjero uned asignaturas selectividad examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 examen selectividad uned uned malaga selectividad extranjero uned selectividad uned selectividad extrangeros uned asignaturas selectividad uned selectividad extrangeros examen selectividad uned 2000 2006 uned malaga selectividad extranjero examen selectividad uned uned asignaturas selectividad uned asignaturas selectividad selectividad uned uned asignaturas selectividad uned malaga selectividad extranjero uned malaga selectividad extranjero
